Richard Parks Health experts in the UK have identified 24 pathogen families that could pose serious risks to public health worldwide. The UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) has emphasized the urgent need for research, particularly on four high-risk pathogen groups that have the potential to cause future pandemics.
These pathogens include those responsible for bird flu, COVID-19, and the bat-borne Nipah virus. Nipah, known for causing severe brain swelling, has limited treatment options. The UKHSA warns that many of these pathogens spread quickly, cause severe illness, or lack proper vaccines and treatments. Additionally, some may become more dangerous due to climate change or antibiotic resistance.
High-Risk Viruses and the Need for Research
The list includes viruses responsible for illnesses such as mpox, coronavirus, norovirus, influenza, Ebola, gonorrhea, Zika, Lassa fever, and Nipah. Eight of these pathogen families are classified as having a high or medium pandemic risk. While vaccines and treatments exist for some, others remain in early development stages.
Experts are calling for greater investment in research to prevent outbreaks before they escalate. Dr. Isabel Oliver, Chief Scientific Officer at the UKHSA, stressed the importance of accelerating vaccine and diagnostic development. The agency hopes this list will direct research efforts toward the most urgent threats.
Experts Call for a Balanced and Flexible Approach
Some scientists see the UKHSA’s list as a crucial step in strengthening pandemic preparedness, helping the UK focus its resources more effectively. The announcement follows a 2023 update from the World Health Organization, which named 33 high-priority pathogens.
However, concerns remain. Jose Vazquez-Boland from the University of Edinburgh called the list a “double-edged sword.” While it raises awareness of dangerous pathogens, he cautioned that it might shift attention away from other important but under-researched threats.
Emma Thomson, Director of the MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, echoed these concerns, stressing that flexibility is key. She urged the UKHSA to update the list frequently. “The list must stay responsive to new risks,” she said. Past pandemics have shown that new threats can emerge unexpectedly.
While the priority list is a valuable tool for preparing against future outbreaks, experts emphasize the need for continuous monitoring and balanced research efforts. Ensuring a flexible approach will be critical in responding to emerging health threats.